Deep learning models require an enormous amount of data for training. However, recently there is a shift in machine learning from model-centric to data-centric approaches. In data-centric approaches, the focus is to refine and improve the quality of the data to improve the learning performance of the models rather than redesigning model architectures. In this paper, we propose CLIP i.e., Curriculum Learning with Iterative data Pruning. CLIP combines two data-centric approaches i.e., curriculum learning and dataset pruning to improve the model learning accuracy and convergence speed. The proposed scheme applies loss-aware dataset pruning to iteratively remove the least significant samples and progressively reduces the size of the effective dataset in the curriculum learning training. Extensive experiments performed on crowd density estimation models validate the notion behind combining the two approaches by reducing the convergence time and improving generalization. To our knowledge, the idea of data pruning as an embedded process in curriculum learning is novel.

Density estimation is one of the most widely used methods for crowd counting in which a deep learning model learns from head-annotated crowd images to estimate crowd density in unseen images. Typically, the learning performance of the model is highly impacted by the accuracy of the annotations and inaccurate annotations may lead to localization and counting errors during prediction. A significant amount of works exist on crowd counting using perfectly labelled datasets but none of these explore the impact of annotation errors on the model accuracy. In this paper, we investigate the impact of imperfect labels (both noisy and missing labels) on crowd counting accuracy. We propose a system that automatically generates imperfect labels using a deep learning model (called annotator) which are then used to train a new crowd counting model (target model). Our analysis on two crowd counting models and two benchmark datasets shows that the proposed scheme achieves accuracy closer to that of the model trained with perfect labels showing the robustness of crowd models to annotation errors.

The rapid outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic invoked scientists and researchers to prepare the world for future disasters. During the pandemic, global authorities on healthcare urged the importance of disinfection of objects and surfaces. To implement efficient and safe disinfection services during the pandemic, robots have been utilized for indoor assets. In this paper, we envision the use of drones for disinfection of outdoor assets in hospitals and other facilities. Such heterogeneous assets may have different service demands (e.g., service time, quantity of the disinfectant material etc.), whereas drones have typically limited capacity (i.e., travel time, disinfectant carrying capacity). To serve all the facility assets in an efficient manner, the drone to assets allocation and drone travel routes must be optimized. In this paper, we formulate the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) to find optimal route for each drone such that the total service time is minimized, while simultaneously the drones meet the demands of each asset allocated to it. The problem is solved using mixed integer programming (MIP). As CVRP is an NP-hard problem, we propose a lightweight heuristic to achieve sub-optimal performance while reducing the time complexity in solving the problem involving a large number of assets.

Video surveillance using drones is both convenient and efficient due to the ease of deployment and unobstructed movement of drones in many scenarios. An interesting application of drone-based video surveillance is to estimate crowd densities (both pedestrians and vehicles) in public places. Deep learning using convolution neural networks (CNNs) is employed for automatic crowd counting and density estimation using images and videos. However, the performance and accuracy of such models typically depend upon the model architecture i.e., deeper CNN models improve accuracy at the cost of increased inference time. In this paper, we propose a novel crowd density estimation model for drones (DroneNet) using Self-organized Operational Neural Networks (Self-ONN). Self-ONN provides efficient learning capabilities with lower computational complexity as compared to CNN-based models. We tested our algorithm on two drone-view public datasets. Our evaluation shows that the proposed DroneNet shows superior performance on an equivalent CNN-based model.

人群计数是公共场所情境意识的有效工具。使用图像和视频进行自动人群计数是一个有趣但充满挑战的问题，在计算机视觉中引起了极大的关注。在过去的几年中，已经开发了各种深度学习方法来实现最先进的表现。随着时间的流逝，这些方法在许多方面发生了变化，例如模型架构，输入管道，学习范式，计算复杂性和准确性提高等。在本文中，我们对人群计数领域中最重要的贡献进行了系统和全面的评论。 。尽管对该主题的调查很少，但我们的调查是最新的，并且在几个方面都不同。首先，它通过模型体系结构，学习方法（即损失功能）和评估方法（即评估指标）对最重要的贡献进行了更有意义的分类。我们选择了杰出和独特的作品，并排除了类似的作品。我们还通过基准数据集对著名人群计数模型进行分类。我们认为，这项调查可能是新手研究人员了解随着时间的推移和当前最新技术的逐步发展和贡献的好资源。

密集Wi-Fi网络中的设备移动性提供了几个挑战。与设备移动性相关的两个众所周知的问题是切换预测和接入点选择。由于无线电环境的复杂性，分析模型可能不会表征无线信道，这使得这些问题的解决方案非常困难。最近，使用复杂学习技术的认知网络架构越来越多地应用于这些问题。在本文中，我们提出了一种数据驱动的机器学习（ML）方案，以有效地解决WLAN网络中的这些问题。评估所提出的方案，并将结果与​​上述问题的传统方法进行比较。结果通过应用提出的计划报告了网络性能的显着提高。例如，提出的切换预测方案优于传统方法I.。RSS方法和行驶距离方法分别将不必要的切片数减少60％和50％。类似地，在AP选择中，所提出的方案通过分别实现高达9.2％和8％的吞吐量提高，优于SSF和LLF算法。

被称为超声心动图的心脏成像是一种非侵入性工具，用于生成包括图像和视频的数据，心脏病专家用来诊断心脏异常，尤其是心肌梗死（MI）。超声心动图机可以提供大量数据，需要由心脏病专家快速分析，以帮助他们做出诊断和治疗心脏病。但是，获得的数据质量取决于购置条件以及患者对设置说明的响应能力。这些限制对医生的挑战尤其是当患者面对MI并且他们的生命受到威胁时。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于卷积神经网络（CNN）的创新实时端到端全自动模型，以根据由左心室（LV）的区域壁运动异常（RWMA）检测到MI，该模型是由左心室（LV）的视频中的。超声心动图。我们的模型是由2D CNN组成的管道实现Mi。我们在由165个超声心动图视频组成的数据集上培训了两个CNN，每个CNN从一个独特的患者中获得。 2D CNN在数据分割方面达到了97.18％的精度，而3D CNN获得了90.9％的精度，100％的精度和95％的召回率。我们的结果表明，创建一个完全自动化的MI检测系统是可行且有利的。

评估能源转型和能源市场自由化对资源充足性的影响是一种越来越重要和苛刻的任务。能量系统的上升复杂性需要足够的能量系统建模方法，从而提高计算要求。此外，随着复杂性，同样调用概率评估和场景分析同样增加不确定性。为了充分和高效地解决这些各种要求，需要来自数据科学领域的新方法来加速当前方法。通过我们的系统文献综述，我们希望缩小三个学科之间的差距（1）电力供应安全性评估，（2）人工智能和（3）实验设计。为此，我们对所选应用领域进行大规模的定量审查，并制作彼此不同学科的合成。在其他发现之外，我们使用基于AI的方法和应用程序的AI方法和应用来确定电力供应模型的复杂安全性的元素，并作为未充分涵盖的应用领域的储存调度和（非）可用性。我们结束了推出了一种新的方法管道，以便在评估电力供应安全评估时充分有效地解决当前和即将到来的挑战。

我们提出了一种自动生成语义标签的方法，以实现汽车范围多普勒（RD）雷达光谱的真实记录。当训练神经网络从雷达数据中识别对象识别时，需要此类标签。自动标记方法除了雷达频谱之外，还取决于相机和激光雷达数据的同时记录。通过将雷达光谱翘曲到相机图像中，可以将最新的对象识别算法应用于相机图像中相关对象（例如汽车）。翘曲操作设计为完全可区分，它允许通过翘曲操作在相机图像上计算出的梯度到雷达数据上运行的神经网络。随着翘曲操作依赖于准确的场景流估计，我们进一步提出了一种新颖的场景流估计算法，该算法利用了相机，激光雷达和雷达传感器的信息。将所提出的场景流估计方法与最新场景流量算法进行比较，并且优于大约30％的W.R.T.平均平均误差。通过评估通过提出的框架以实现到达方向估计的训练的神经网络的性能，可以验证自动标签生成的整体框架的整体框架的可行性。